Exploring Shi'a Interpretations of the Qur'an: History, Figures, and Examples of Interpretation

Abstract

Shi’a interpretation of the Qur’an has unique characteristics and often differs from the Sunni tradition. The main issues examined in this study are how Shia interpretation developed in history, who the main figures are, and how their methods and focus of interpretation influence the understanding of the verses of the Qur'an. This study aims to uncover the theological and methodological roots of the Shi’a interpretation tradition, as well as highlight the contributions and challenges faced by this tradition in the broader discourse of Qur’anic interpretation. The research method used is qualitative, with the type of library research. The results of the study show that the Shi’a interpretation tradition is strongly influenced by the belief in the authority of the Ahlul Bait as the guardians of the truth of revelation. Figures such as al-Qumi, al-‘Ayyasyi, and Thabathaba’i played an important role in building this tradition, with an approach that emphasizes the exoteric and esoteric layers of meaning. One of the strengths of Shi’a exegesis is its integration of rational, philosophical, and spiritual approaches, which provides an in-depth perspective on the verses of the Qur’an. However, this approach has also faced criticism, especially regarding the potential for theological bias in its interpretation. The Shi’a exegesis tradition enriches the treasury of Qur’anic exegesis by offering a unique perspective, while also opening up opportunities for dialogue between schools of thought in understanding the holy book more inclusively.